Where Wealth Concentrates: Brazil's Richest Cities

 These are the state lawmakers that the people choose every four years to make up the Chamber of Deputies. For each state, the number of deputies is almost equal to the number of people who live there, but no state can have more than 70 deputies or less than eight. Right now, the government works better in the Northeast and North than in São Paulo, which has a lot of people. The Federal Senate has 81 seats, with three from each state and the Federal District. They are in office for eight years each. Votes are taken four times a year for the Senate. Each year, 27 to 54 seats are given to different people. Each state's people pick their senators right away. The High Level. The president has power because he or she is the head of state and government. They are elected directly and serve for four years. They can run for office again. The president also picks the cabinet, which is made up of ministers of state and heads of departments under the minister. When it comes to keeping the country safe, foreign and economic policy, and money, the executive department has a lot of power. Within 30 days, the president can send bills to Congress and ask them to pass them. The bill is likely to become law if Congress doesn't move by this date. Any law suggested by Congress can be turned down in whole or in part by the president. Short-term measures that last 30 days are also possible. The military and civilians in Brazil have always had tense ties with each other. This is because the president is also in charge of the military.

Do the right thing. Brazil's court system is split into two parts. The first is the normal part, which is made up of state and federal courts. 

The second is the special part, which is made up of labor, election, and military courts. There is one main court in Brazil. It is called the Supremo Tribunal Federal, or Supreme Federal Court. It is made up of 11 people chosen by the president and approved by the Senate. Cases involving the president, vice president, Congress, the courts, the attorney general, government offices, diplomats, foreign countries, and the union's political and administrative branches are heard by this court. It makes the final call on constitutional matters. This is the Higher Court of Justice (Superior Tribunal de Justiça). The president picked the 33 judges, and the Senate agreed with their choice. For things that aren't about the Constitution, it is the highest court in the land. Cases affecting state leaders and the Federal District are also heard by this court. In the main branch, there are also federal courts of review, which are known as Regional Federal Courts. To begin with, every state has both state and federal courts. 

The job of electoral courts, which are a special type of court, is to register political groups and keep an eye on their money. 

They set voting times and hear cases of election crime as part of their job. People who are in the military have their cases heard by military courts, while labor courts settle issues between employers and workers. People have said for a long time that the Brazilian court system is slow, unfair, and crooked. There have been changes, though. The most important one was passing Constitutional Amendment 45 in 2004. With that change, the idea of "stare decisis" was added. It said that orders made by the high court had to be followed. The aim was to improve the way lower judges do their jobs. The change also set up the National Council of Justice. This is an outside group whose job it is to watch over judges and make sure they follow the law when they are being charged. The prisons in this country are harsh and overcrowded, so there have been many mass escapes and riots that have killed a lot of prisoners. The government is split into city, state, and regional boards. If you live in a poor area, the federal government can help you grow your economy through groups like SUDENE (founded in 1959) and SUDAM (founded in 1966). 

These groups are responsible for the growth of the Northeast. 

SUDENE and SUDAM are in charge of giving federal money to development projects and managing tax breaks that are meant to encourage investment in the area and locally. But from one government administration to the next, the agencies' rules have changed a lot, and their jobs often mix, especially at the local level. The people of each state choose their own leaders and legislatures, and each state has its own constitution and court system. That person was picked by the people and has been running the Federal District since the 1990s. Before, the president picked a mayor (prefeito) to run the area. There are more than 5,000 towns in Brazil. The states built them by following rules set by the federal government. Municipalities are like counties, but they can be in cities or the country. These places have their own money and governments, with mayors and councillors chosen by the people. Most state capitals are big cities, and governors and mayors often don't get along because they are competing to hire the best workers.